海南美兰机场动物卫生监督检查机制

介绍了美兰机场省际动物卫生监督检查站的机构设置、人员配备、监管依据、工作程序、联防联控等监督检查机制。     

应用荧光定量RT-PCR检测J亚群禽白血病病毒

针对J亚群禽白血病病毒（ALV-J）基因序列保守区域设计一对特异性引物和一条特异性探针,通过构建重组阳性标准质粒作为阳性标准品,建立了检测ALV-J核酸的荧光定量PCR方法。优化反应体系和条件后进行特异性、敏感性、重复性试验。结果显示,该检测方法特异性强,与其它禽源病毒如A亚群禽白血病病毒（ALV-A）、B亚群禽白血病病毒（ALV-B）、新城疫病毒（ NDV）、禽流感病毒（AIV）、鸡传染性贫血病毒（CIAV）和马立克病病毒（MDV）均不发生交叉反应;该方法可检测到3.2×102拷贝/μL的病毒核酸,与常规RT-PCR相比,敏感性高100倍;重复性试验的变异系数小于2%。研究结果表明,建立的Real-time RT-PCR 检测方法特异性强、灵敏度高、可重复性好,可用于ALV-J的定量检测。     

病毒性出血性败血症病毒液相芯片检测技术的建立

为建立检测病毒性出血性败血症病毒（VHSV）的液相芯片快速检测技术,用DNAStar软件对GenBank中VHSV的G基因进行序列分析,设计VHSV特异性引物并标记生物素。探针氨基化修饰并与荧光编码微球偶联后与VHSV RT-PCR产物杂交反应,用液相芯片仪器检测荧光信号。结果表明液相芯片检测体系能够正确检出VHSV。病毒核酸的最低检出量为10pg,检测特异性高,说明初步建立了检测VHSV的液相芯片技术,为VHSV的检测提供了新方法。     

5株水貂阿留申病毒的分离与鉴定

为给水貂阿留申病疫苗的研制奠定基础,对疑似感染阿留申病死亡的水貂内脏处理后,接种猫肾传代细胞（CRFK）分离病毒,并对分离的毒株进行PCR鉴定及动物回归试验。与此同时,首次应用免疫过氧化物酶单层细胞实验（IPMA）对所分离的水貂阿留申病毒进行TCID50的测定。结果成功分离并鉴定出5株水貂阿留申病毒株,分别命名为ADV-DL124、ADV-DL125、ADV-ZJ3、ADV-QD2、ADV-QD3,各分离株的TCID50分别为105.7TCID50/ml、105.0TCID50/ml、104.6 TCID50/mL、105.2 TCID50/mL、104.1 TCID50/mL。动物回归实验显示,所分离的病毒对水貂具有致病性,为水貂阿留申病毒强毒株。     

种子接种法测定紫花苜蓿不同品种对三叶草核盘菌的抗性

本试验采用种子接种法就10个紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)品种对三叶草核盘菌(Sclerotinia trifoliorum)的抗性进行了研究,根据接种后的种子萌发率、幼苗生长及幼苗干重三项指标的综合测定分析,供试品种中,游客和赛特受三叶草核盘菌影响最大,为高感品种;WL525和WL324受三叶草核盘菌影响最小,为高抗品种,其它6个品种介于两者之间,为中性材料。种子接种法便利、快捷,可以反映紫花苜蓿不同品种对三叶草核盘菌的抗性。     

Stress exposure during the preimplantation period affects blastocyst lineages and offspring development

We found retardation of preimplantation embryo growth after exposure to maternal restraint stress during the preimplantation period in our previous study. In the present study, we evaluated the impact of preimplantation maternal restraint stress on the distribution of inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) cells in mouse blastocysts, and its possible effect on physiological development of offspring. We exposed spontaneously ovulating female mice to restraint stress for 30 min three times a day during the preimplantation period, and this treatment caused a significant increase in blood serum corticosterone concentration. Microscopic evaluation of embryos showed that restraint stress significantly decreased cell counts per blastocyst. Comparing the effect of restraint stress on the two blastocyst cell lineages, we found that the reduction in TE cells was more substantial than the reduction in ICM cells, which resulted in an increased ICM/TE ratio in blastocysts isolated from stressed dams compared with controls. Restraint stress reduced the number of implantation sites in uteri, significantly delayed eye opening in delivered mice, and altered their behavior in terms of two parameters (scratching on the base of an open field test apparatus, time spent in central zone) as well. Moreover, prenatally stressed offspring had significantly lower body weights and in 5-week old females delivered from stressed dams, fat deposits were significantly lower. Our results indicate that exposure to stress during very early pregnancy can have a negative impact on embryonic development with consequences reaching into postnatal life.     

延边黄牛SREBP1和SCD1基因表达的发育性变化及与肌间脂肪含量的关联分析

文章旨在研究延边黄牛不同生长阶段固醇调节元件结合蛋白1(Sterol regulatory ele-ment binding factor 1,SREBP1)和硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶1(Stearoyl Co A desaturease 1,SCD1)基因表达的发育性变化与IMF含量的相关性以及这两个基因表达水平的关联性。试验选取12月龄的延边黄牛公牛(去势)8头,利用微量微创活体采样枪(韩国忠北大学提供),分别在12月龄,16月龄,20月龄,采集肌肉组织(臀肌);利用实时荧光定量PCR方法分析SREBP1和SCD1基因在延边黄牛不同生长阶段肌肉组织中的m RNA发育性变化。结果表明:1延边黄牛SREBP1基因相对表达水平在12、16、20月龄具有极其显著差异(P0.01),其中20月龄时SREBP1基因表达量相对最高;SCD1基因相对表达水平在12、16、20月龄具有显著差异(P0.05),其中20月龄时SCD1基因表达量相对最高。2肌肉组织中SREBP1基因的表达量在12~20月龄期间与IMF含量具有正向相关性,相关系数为0.910(P0.05);SCD1基因的表达量在12~20月龄期间与IMF含量具有正向相关性,相关系数为0.934(P0.05)。结果表明,SREBP1和SCD1基因在延边黄牛不同生长阶段存在显著或极显著差异,SREBP1和SCD1基因的协同表达对延边黄牛不同生长阶段肌内脂肪的沉积有一定的正向调控作用。     

Pharmacokinetics of cefquinome in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after a single intramuscular or intraperitoneal administration

The pharmacokinetics of cefquinome was studied in plasma after a single dose (10 mg/kg) of intramuscular (i.m.) or intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration to tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in freshwater at 30 °C. Ten fish per sampling point were examined after treatment. The data were fitted to two‐compartment open models following both routes of administration. The estimates of total body clearance (CL/F), volume of distribution (Vd/F), and absorption half‐life (T_1/2ka) were 0.049 and 0.037 L/h/kg, 0.41 and 0.33 L/kg, and 0.028 and 0.035 h following i.m. and i.p. administration, respectively. After i.m. injection, the elimination half‐life (T_1?2β) was calculated to be 5.81 h, the maximum plasma concentration (C_max) to be 49.40 μg/mL, the time to peak plasma cefquinome concentration (T_max) to be 0.14 h, and the area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) to be 204.6 μg h/mL. Following i.p. administration, the corresponding estimates were 6.05 h, 44.39 μg/mL, 0.17 h and 267.8 μg h/mL. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of cefquinome, determined for 30 strains of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from diseased tilapia, ranged from 0.015 to 0.12 μg/mL. Results from these studies support that 10 mg cefquinome/kg body weight daily could be expected to control tilapia bacterial pathogens inhibited in vitro by a minimal inhibitory concentration value of ≤2 μg/mL.     

大叶杨组培快繁体系的建立

以大叶杨幼嫩的带腋芽茎段为试材,建立以腋芽诱导途径为基础的植株组培快繁体系。结果表明:大叶杨腋芽诱导的最适宜培养基为MS+NAA0.1 mg/L+6-BA0.1 mg/L,接种30 d,腋芽萌发率可达100%;最适宜增殖培养基为MS+NAA0.1 mg/L+6-BA2.0 mg/L,培养30 d,增殖系数可达4.0,幼苗生长健壮;最佳生根培养基为1/2MS+NAA0.1mg/L+IBA0.2 mg/L,培养30 d,平均生根达4条,平均根长为4.7 cm。     

Insights into the differences in leaf functional traits of heterophyllous Syringa oblata under different light intensities

Many plants exhibit heterophylly; the spatially and temporally remarkable ontogenetic differences in leaf morphology may play an adaptative role in their success under diverse habitats. Thus, this stud...